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Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the third
brightest object in Earth's sky after the Sun and Moon.
It is sometimes referred to as the sister
planet to Earth,
because their size and mass are so similar. Venus is also the closest planet to
Earth.
The surface of Venus is hidden by an opaque layer of clouds which are formed from sulphuric
acid.
The planet is named for Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty and is the second largest terrestrial
planet.
Venus’ atmosphere can be divided
into two broad layers.
The first is the cloud bank that effectively encases the entire planet.
The
second is everything below these clouds.
The clouds surrounding Venus extend from 50 to 80 kilometers above
the planet’s surface and are
composed primarily
of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4).
These clouds are so dense
that they reflect 60% of the sunlight
Venus receives back into space.